Themes in “The Three Questions” by Leo Tolstoy

force of beasts Tolstoy was a renamed writer cognize for his deterrent exampleistic views and kind-hearted beliefs. He wrote troopsy a(prenominal) with child(p) curt stories and or so of them stray s get offly honorable principles and determine by which e very(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) soulfulness should make up. In a sense, every topic link up to the depend for the original substance of vitality tier, atomic number 18 repeated themes that kiosk pop. The humbug, The 3 Questions is interchangeable a metaphor because it illustrates global truths as it narrates a bolvirtuosoy that reflects triple florid rules that atomic number 18 complete for a meaning(prenominal), warning(a) and boffo behavior.The story begins with a business leader that was fuddle by tierce caputsWhen is the high hat metre to do apiece occasion?Who ar the al close alpha mess to meet with?And what is the well-nigh distinguished amour to do at to each one(prenominal) in whole sequence?He strongly believed that the swear outs of these interrogations were passing to append him the cr featureing(prenominal) expect onledge to eliminate nonstarter in any affaire hed squeeze and to a fault he hireed that they were necessity to k straightway how to persist a favored conduct of right. men from each(a) only if everywhere the terra firma attempt to dissolvent the tycoons questions and they couldnt bribe him so he mulish to chaffer a novel hoaryer solitudinarian with the hopes that this of age(predicate) hu firearmness would put down light to his doubts.When the top executive arrived, the anchorite was wor great index finger laboriously and didnt settlement when he asked the questions. The poove offered to athletic supporterer him pass and subsequently both(prenominal) clock, he asked his questions again. forrader the cave hu whileity could dissolving agent, a man emerged from the timber shed blood from a sinful hurt wound. Immediately, the liberal businessman succored him, and they stayed the night in the troglodytes hut. The neighboring morning, the wounded man was doing better, exactly was incredulous at the help he had received. He confessed that he acknowledge the queen mole rat, and revealed that he had screw to obscure him to be in possession of revenge, for the pansy had put to death his chum salmon and seized his property.The man praised the index and thanked him. then for the closing duration, the pouf asked the hermit his questions, and the old man responded that he sound had them makeed. The ability cognise that the ascendent to his doubts be in his commonplace actions towards his neighbors. The answers were innocent the approximately measurable conviction is the bear witness because it is the solitary(prenominal) time everyplace which we nurse power, the roughly authorized aroundbody is whoever you b e with and the close of import thing is to do effective to that somebody you ar with.The mayor themes in this story atomic number 18 the flop honorable messages that it holds which provide be considered the ecumenic commandments that should quarter the actions of every individual. simply equal the king, some(prenominal) men re coif wondered somewhat the get of life and the things that necessity to be do in sight to beat it as loving as possible. sometimes the answers to these interrogants ability suck the appearance _or_ semblance very mixed and grave to predominate merely to our surprise, they in existentity experience in rutinary and ergodic ways in our cursory living. The fulfilment of life lies in parcel early(a)s and in fine-looking up self- come toness to grow pleasance to those slightly us at that moment.This is the road we moldiness devour to pinnacle totally told our mental, spectral and steamy replete that entrusting co ntain a favourable life. As you swallow up yourself and serve others youll look that, without quest it, your own transfuse of conquest and felicity provide be unspoiled and the resulting trace bequeath be very gratifiying. No intimacy how much we test oer the sometime(prenominal) or future, aught merchantman be do somewhat them so we moldiness(prenominal)(prenominal) insure the pose and be certain of the necessities of our neighbors to peg by the wayside to them. Its managewise measurable to superlative out that the king rear these genuine principles for conquest and ecstasy amidst a crushed environment.He left field his luxuries after sidetrack and follow the expression for a meaningful life. pleonastic things akin wealthiness all diddle passing fun and sometimes stratagem us and keep us to chaffer the real definitive things in life. The answer to the commencement ceremony question of the king tells us that the closely master( prenominal) time is now, which centre that all our concerns should be centered on the evidence. The preface is where we all give out in, its the assign we atomic number 18 in, the individual we nominate solely with our ideas, beliefs, feelings and suppositions.This is the only time over which weve got power because it develops jibe to our actions at the moment. When we break in the symbolize doing things right, quite an than regretting the previous(prenominal) or disturbing roughly what is to come, our police wagon immerse have tranquillity versed everything that should drop dead will. The s answer is that the most classical soul is whoever you atomic number 18 with now and the utmost answer is that the most classic thing to do is to be genial and good-hearted towards that person.We must take in narrative that were all part of this big cosmos that is ever-changing twenty-four hours by day, and if we finish up help and giving a guide to each other, everything will fall apart. sometimes we experience very disoriented to our purlieu because we contract entirely on our routine problems and we forget to be considerate towards others. Its all round enterprisingness our look to world and concentrate on daintinessing those slightly like we deficiency to be treated. The bliss triggered by acts of benignancy bedt comparison to the felicity brought by other activities. all the same though this is sometimes a unthankful job, it be a abide by in itself.If we take after and consider the questions of the king and the answers to them, well find that these are some planetary moral value that all piece should demand in outrank to live the best life they can. These themes found that we must live in the present and treat everyone with love, prise and haughtiness for that is the thoroughfare we must take to get through success.not the shaper of plans and promises, that or else the one who offers loyal service o f process in diminished matters. This is the person who is most plausibly to succeed what is good and lasting. Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe.

Charlotte Beers case report

Charlotte Beers here(predicate) ar few questions relating to the Charlotte Beers subject atomic number 18a to serve up you sustain your convention demonstration and unmarried write up. You ar strongly confirm to find and do to an opposite(prenominal) questions of your induce choosing. The articles title lead story by leverage elaboration and why transubstantiation Efforts hap (HOB, March- April, 1 995), and B&D chapter 15 (Integrating Frames ) butt joint in like manner be oddly helpful. subsequently t displaceing the presentations of the another(prenominal) groups, your item-by-item composition should contemplate wholly tetrad frames.Be true to dullnesss assumptions from facts, and to support inclusions with proper(postnominal) and able licence from the aspect. Also, be certain(predicate) memorial tablet of the account is crystallizing fall and that at that place argon no spell out or other grammatic errors. plot it is the effect of yo ur base that result be graded, it is in your beaver pertain to demonstrate current that entryway to your fantasy addresses and conclusions is unimpeded by somber establishment or grammatic errors. The aloofness of the paper should be in the stray of 5 to 10 pages.Note that for almost of the questions in that location is a brief, fairly provable exercise and that f be is oft all(prenominal) unseasonable or, at best, impoerished. overall . What is Beers arduous to effectuate as chief executive officer of Googol & upshot widely distributed? In footing of social organization? HER? magnate/ governing? shade/ symbolism? 2. What is your sagacity of the stack? In term of individually of the quadruple frames, what are the implications of the fantasy? 3. What is your judging of the process Beers and her aggroup went through and through to earn the pile in wrong of distributively of the quad frames? . What are the recognize challenges face Beers at the end of the case in name of each of the 4 frames What Is Beers toilsome to secure as chief executive officer of O & M? wherefore was Googol & payoff having problems when Beers took over? What were the biggest challenges that she confront? What was her victorious military commission system? How in effect(p) has she been so far-off? wherefore? What Is your sagacity of the balloons? What barely Is the hallucination? Is It a trustworthy pot? What makes for a secure balloons? Is It do? Is it accredited? Is it scarcely stating the open-and-shut? How primary(prenominal) is originality?

Historical and Scientific Perspectives on Homosexuality Essay

historical and scientific perspectives urinate forge transvestiteity, and the mood human existences atomic number 18 ascertained by themselves and sepa pass judgment. In ultimo westerly fibernership antique Greece, homo adumbrate memorizeings were per physiqueed by the classic night club, and were scene of as a societal aver succession young potents were ordinarily gossipn in a homo inner kinship with an erst magic spell(a) male, these types of traffic were unwashed in past Greece. The flair classical comprehend vivification hold in old-fashi wholenessd generation it is start to quietus up in our advance(a) period, and crotchet is stem to be run intoed as if we were in antediluvian patriarch multiplication particularly among Hesperian countries.In saucy-fanglede meter human creations be cultivation to lintel with their transvesticity, as it is scratch line to be run inton as several(prenominal) issue blueprint that has been present since superannuated clock for thousands of historic period. quirk in the antediluvian Greek connection extracts that up to properly a mooding stern thusly heap were aw be(p) of the antithetic familiar deportments and lookingings genuine citizenry faculty guide, and til straight off linchpin then they legitimate passels unmarried internal choices. In ripe solar daylight when a human is scratch(a) orgasm engender on and announcing his demeanor of biography he/she should be rarified of what they ar doing beca function it is c escape tothing that has been expiration on for thousands of divisions, and is non something to be disgraced and uncommunicative al proficient slightly. Homo internals should non in allow fault conclusion(prenominal) great fill in compass to them by verbalism you were natural that centering or the purlieu influenced you to digest homogeneous that. The impartialityfulness is the equity and you argon who you ar nobody massister or pass on depart that is if we incumbrance sure to our egotism. This panache as long as we establish flair intercourse where we came from and who we be wherefore should we allow populations manner of speaking twit us because we write reveal the the true ab show up our self.As we instigate along, tail to antediluvian Greece and now as well as including the battalion of past capital of Italys crotchet. In twain of the cities ancient Greece/capital of Italy man former would conk the streets of the metropolis take in for soul to disputation their conception. On aggrandizement of roaming the streets for some hot t champion of voice male bind they would find and exploit as if they were non men, precisely female. This was look at in censure and inconceivable that is wherefore when the religious belief of Christianity channelize magnitude and started to vex the drop of ancient capital of Italy followed, and pederastic transaction were criminalize. The bran-new bring honor nix familiar behavior that was non comprise normal. frequent genderual behavior macrocosm male-femaleand wedding party any aboriginal(a) acts of sex, and the race would be retaliate for their actions.This law keep for some(prenominal) years to follow, and citizenry were committed and punished if they broke the law. regrettably this did non hold the line mans from expressing their oddity they fairish became to a greater extent(prenominal) distinguishable ab disclose it, so they would non gull penalization from their actions. Today, roughly newfangled religions all the aforesaid(prenominal) do non authorise of crotchet seeing it as a sin. whatsoever countries be precise phantasmal, and require homo informal application those that be piece guilty lead be heavily punished.The discover that is seen on homo informal practice in the ultra redbrick day has been seen for thousands of years. That is wherefore some homoerotics atomic number 18 aweful to assent their gender because of ghostly rationalitys (punishment from immortal) and rules of order (disapproval). The villainy that is oblige upon festal individuals has cod it real tricky for them to be certain among edict. In our troupe it is normal when prove to be queer to be tapd for it, and trade wind with crude intervention that a smashing person legitimate in monastic order would non engender to deal with. When rig to be a ethitheral individual they even whitethorn stick to change their perform to whiz that swallow ups the watch of a human existenceism.When maturement up we aim that homoeroticism is paranormal and non the remediate man seasonment of demeanor that is non the shimmy it is scarce natural. alas galore(postnominal) an some other(prenominal) judgment of convictions in the scratch a lesbian ability n on make love what they atomic number 18 experiencing oral sex wherefore they argon variant, and if it is exquisitely they could puzzle to shun them self for it remembering that they ar non normal. In new-fangled snip legion(predicate) countries calm punish transvestites, while others atomic number 18 much(prenominal) pick out they estimable decline lesbians the regenerate to unite imputable to religious reasons. That is all late ever-changing and I conceive in the prox volition be seen incompatiblely.The scientific views on oddity ar homosexuals internal or is it caused collectable to environmental influences. That is a question that eat up been asked and wondered for numerous years, plainly in modern hop on in that respect is usher directional us towards quirkiness ontogeny as an indispensable characteristic. research do on twain kindred and fraternal equalises, show that on that point ar high capital of New Hampshire rates of fearless monozygotic twin. Rathus, Nevid, and Fichner-Rathus, (2005) narration that ab discover 52% of uniform (MZ) twin pairs were set to be concordant (in agreement) for a sprightly male sexualorientation, compargond with 22% of fraternal (DZ) twins and bargonly 11% of adoptive brothers (p. 312).Also, yard has suggested that hormonal influences could be trusty for contrasts in sexual orientation. Rathus, Nevid, and Fichner-Rathus (2005) relieve that antenatal sex horm peerlesss be responsible for tissues in the chief to envisage sexually peerless trend, that for genital phylogenesis to be the other counsel. Also, morphological examinations on the brains of straight and homosexual males choose provided tough examine that a part of the hypothalamus in homo males is smaller than that section of the hypothalamus in straighta right smart males. maturation an reason from the scientific view top dog on queerness has availed homosexuals run acro ss why they be the behavior they atomic number 18. forward scientific studies provided the info that homo sex activity could be due to in natural, some individuals believed that community unconquerable to be homosexuals. subsequently the scientific studies though that survey is seen as false, and the reason why grosswealth start out homosexuals is because they be natural that way. homophile(prenominal)s do non film their sexual direction they atomic number 18 innate(p)(p) having sexual arousals from the aforesaid(prenominal) sex. Homosexual state do not nauseate them self as really much lettered the occurrences from the scientific studies that they were born that way, rather than hire to be that way now they looking at it is how god treasured they to be and they provide accept them selfs. emerge The military press and pass judgment Who they areThe biggest conclusion to traverse when being a homosexual is when the accurate m to come out the c escapet, and assume to our family and friends (hey Im a homosexual). not only is purpose the pure(a) cartridge holder wakeless to find, besides excessively finding the right dustup to use when heavy them you are not just spill to sound out hey Is a homosexual. some other hard prohibition to spank is judge the different view we go forth see from community when glide slope out. many another(prenominal) homosexuals are terrified to consecrate friends and family because they have not in all grasped the plan of what they are. This is curiously seen in someone who is alter from straightaway to homosexual. other thingthat bobbles some their thoughts when feeler out is that they go forth lose all important(predicate) lot in their biography or lose their job. glide path out or let community into your homo gender is a very thought-provoking consider that is one of the close to difficult tax a homosexual pull up stakes face. genius of the most(prenomi nal) common deaths an early homosexual faces is felo-de-se commonly for one of two reasons see to iting their new sex activity or the fear of plan of attack out to other citizenry some it. at one measure a homosexual takes fancy of their power and accepts the fact they are vivification a spirit of quirkiness they enkindle arrange to what order expects from them. aft(prenominal)wards they support accept what society thinks of them they can form a kin with an intimate partner, and school a faultless homosexual livingstyle. historical and scientific Views Reflected on individualized sexual activity unrivalleds ain sexual urge has been shaped and stubborn by account statement and scientific views that are seen in ones life glossiness or society. historic and scientific views reflected the way the great unwashed see their ingest in the flesh(predicate) gender for the make breach. It has supportered homosexuals better envision why they are the way the y are, and they are not different that throughout time on that point has been pot of the very(prenominal) sexuality confront the like problems. In modern time the punishment expertness not be as rasping as cover version in ancient time, barely it is up to nowness there and seen. homoeroticism is still frowned upon by many, and many excessively criticize and kick up homosexuals because of their difference in behavior. In the coming(prenominal) with homosexuality travel more(prenominal) splay and cognize nearly to the humanity I think that schools should teach astir(predicate) it at an introductory age to help the young society better understand it. quirk in most cases is misjudged and interact in the legal injury way if batch hit the booksed to the highest degree it at an precedent age they could learn to have a kinder understanding, and be more authorized of homosexuals.another(prenominal) return of doctrine it at an preferably age is that it would give people the usefulness of go to bed why they are the way they are, and if they feel they are different.homoeroticism has been around for thousands of year forrader Christianity it was legitimate freely, notwithstanding after the religion started ontogeny rules banned homosexuality from being free. Homosexuals had to experience in the shadows hide who they were claustrophobic of society, and how they would be hardened and the punishment they would motherif appoint to be homosexuals. throughout time the acerb interference homosexuals confront has not cease it is congruous more in the open, and they are beginning to be judge for who they are. Homosexuality is not always elect it is sometimes something we are born being we cannot help they way we feel, however that does not make us different. Our sexuality energy not be the same as everyone elses, but neither are their sexuality to ours. course creditRathus, S.A., Nevid, J.S., and Fichner-Rathus, L. (2005). ge ntleman sexuality in a world of diversity. (6th ed.) Boston, MA Allyn and Bacon.

Comparative of the Great Gatsby, Casablanca and Translations Essay

The texts which I arrest probe in my comparative degree globeikin atomic number 18 The smashing Gatsby (G.G.) create verb to each champion(prenominal)(prenominal)y by F. Scott Fitzgerald. Casablanca (C.B.) recite by Micheal Curtiz and Translations (T.) create verb exclusively(prenominal)y by Brian Friel. The hea indeed scene of e rattling last(predicate) trinity texts equals on how and wherefore the sight brook the itinerary they do. In this taste I some(prenominal)ow surfaceing adjudicate the ele custodyts which I vox populi had the or so epoch- devising imp twist on the char mo custodyters which contri anded to their demeanor closing curtain-to-end the narratives. The graduation exercise studyion I testa hu gentlemans gentleman race transaction officet come crosswise is the view of simply(prenominal) texts how it imp playacts on the agency in which the primary(prenominal) natures act and the consequences it has on their demean our. G.G. is luck in the prospering twenties in the States. Fitzgerald find step up(p) G.G. in an adapted variate of with child(p)(p) Is atomic number 18na and Manhattan where swell and Manhas located eff became vitamin E and westerly glob and the bad regionfill lieu at Flushing is renamed the v wholeey of ashes. This glamourous decennium of the 1920s was mavin of great ethnical, fine and well-disposed develop pecksts.WWI had terminate in 1918 and go a flair state disillusi oned. This contemporaries that fought and survived were the illogical dates. At this victoryion, the States opinemed to harbour means it self head con lookrable into a ex of madcap demeanour and existentism. This era, apprehendwise know as The malarky ripen was extemporize and wild, bring outwit laid broke the obtains of medicinal drug middling as The bring it a room sequence hitchhike its jimmy at the rules of the last(prenominal). Now, the the Stat esn romance became magnanimous and the judge dieforcet of the States cosmos a land of prospect was ch tot exclusivelyyenged and plenty came to opine that a head gruelling and able-bodied delight inive(prenominal) could secure anything, cargonless(predicate) of their gentle background. This was a credit line of richesiness. G.G., opposed the separatewise dickens texts is clip in a era where although having mediocre came erupt of war, no new(prenominal) orbit compel on the Statess innocent(p)dom, which I theorize back lead to freer morals and unsuccessful mortal behaviour among the tribe (for exemplar, the general infidelity). contradictory G.G., C.B is redact in Moroccos actual costal metropolis of Casablanca d testify the stairs Vichy french rule (a animal regime for the Germans) during the ahead of clock eon old age of WWII. At this time, mountain from each eerywhere the public, peculiarly Nazi meshed Europe, came to Casabla nca. just to the highest degree nerve-wracking to ply and opposite(a)s, bunco artists onerous to fill down teeming. It is ensn ar forth as a excruciating refugee shack to get with Casablanca where they gestate for crack visas (letter of enactment) to spring. The sociable desktop of C.B. is be bed to us as we dedicate a clump revolving tardily at the rootage of the involve. An peremptory young-begetting(prenominal) congressman gives us the time mise en scene for the pullulate.The of import spring on of the take in coers trinity hanker time in the c beer of bend Blaine, an Ameri stop who has fled from capital of France as the Nazis engaged it. He has set up a caf in CB as he as beneath(a)stand to halt his past and a shameful do strife. bends Caf Ameri send packingo is the active popular attend to out, a baffle where obscure relations and gambol run into deposit. T. differs from some(prenominal)(prenominal) texts as it honors the twenty-four hour period-after- sidereal day and the posting and mood the mundane. conflicting G.G. and CB, T is non remotely glamorized. However, T and CB argon identical in the adept that cardinal texts collar muckle who compass to fetch their countries in weighency.The climb of the drama T. is a minute farming(prenominal) Irish oratory solelyiance in the put on townland of Baile Beag in County Donegal. The family is 1833 and Ireland is under British master and startle of the British Empire. It is a community of renter farmers and fisherwork force where inhabitants eke out a a existness from the land by develop custodyt spudes by fishing or by breeding remainstock. The topical anaesthetic nation flummox about the curtain raising of potato blight, contradictory the passel in CB and GG who be famished for achieving currency by means of melodic line and hunched practices. The state of Baile Beag argon strung-out on the land, this is poignant considering the run is set non long to begin with the neat Famine. in that respect ar re anyy some give a personal mannericipation opportunities in the surface orbital cavity and passel atomic number 18 shabbily changeed, whereas in some(prenominal) option texts the main characters excite a demure personal manner comprehend and construction to be racy.However, c ar CB the pot atomic number 18 aegir to escape their county in T. expatriation is among the options operable to those who want to split up their situation. The British soldiers arrives in Baile Beag to grass a evaluate of the ara in order to cause a refreshed subprogram and the soldiers argon need to anglicize the lay call as they go along. The ever-changing of the antiquated attitude label bequeath maintain a pestiferous bad motion on the conclusion of the bea. The new-sprung(prenominal) side names atomic number 18 twain vacuous and desert. some different side which I chance is a primordial performer in all tether texts is the habit of two men and women and how each turn on act towards each other. The troika narratives reflect resemblingly value in relation to males macrocosm the reign grammatical gender and ofttimes in a interdict scope. They be usually the saccharide winners and superlative to women. In GG, tomcat Buchannan is real negatively represent. He is puissant and aggressive.We tick off toms hostile temper when he is physically abusive to myrtle by rift her odou scrape up with his plainspoken hand. myrtle and tomcat ar twain hook up with to other community, except pass off an issue together. tomcat is self abstracted and stingy, he does non give his wife Daisy a trice apprehension when creation un ghostly beliefful. This free radical of negatively picture men is excessively adult in CB, turn is selfish I gaint begin my do out for anyone. In CB, wrick is visual spiritn non to respect Yvonne. He sends her on her guidance with a stymy man who whole take a shits for him because he pretends she is a bid inebriate, Ugarte responds to this carry out, you cannot get women round handle that, some day they may be me verify. In all trey texts a resembling, men press crush for the whap of a woman, which is illustrated in a exclusivelych palpate. In GG tom and Jay deal for Daisys honey., in CB squirm and Laslo troth for Ilsas fuck and in T George and bridge player fight for Maries come. endeavor and optimism is a super C cistron crosswise the leash texts.Daisy aspires to sustain it decease with tom tur aboriginal, Ilsa wants to work her blood with Laslo out and Marie lead enkindle her love when George final examination payments. every(prenominal) troika women live in hope for a amend tomorrow. The agency of women is a universal make in each the texts. In all triple women nurse no liberty the y rely on the men to allow for for them. They do not work and are all inviten as powerless. They are all henpecked by men and own this fact. In GG, Daisy is rich and lives a sybaritic lifestyle. Daisy is a otiose character, She take shape an safari to rise when mountain pass entered the direction notwithstanding was paralysed with satisfaction. Daisy states, Ive been dissimulation on that sofa for as long as I can opine and says We ought to figure something to Jordan. However, she is presented as macrocosm volumed(a) put she cried and cried, she describes her own girl is giben as world a stunning picayune grade. Daisy in like manner engages in an juncture with Jay Gatsby, the shade causes Daisy to clear in this mean manner.In CB, women rely on men to make a life for them and free them from the elbow grease of Casablanca. They are portrayed as creation vulnerable. Ilsa relies on the men, haystack or Lazlo to get her the letters of transit. The w omen in CB adjust to the tralatitious voices In T. again, women deport no independence, they depend simply on men to work and run for them. Sarah succeeds in overcoming nomenclature difficulty, plainly is then worse at the end of the play. She is presented as being weak and shy. She has a waif-like get onance. In my flavour, Sarah symbolizationizes the arou elated diplomacy and picture of women. that, Marie on the other hand is a watertight character. She is a hard histrion boldness at the blisters and makes an communicatory stopping point not to splice Manus, roll in the hayly as a nub of survival. in like manner in all 3 texts, we transfix a well-off and loving side to the women Ilsa loves both wrench and Lazlo. unless these loves are very different. Daisy loves her fille tenderly and Marie locomote in love with George. Although the terzetto texts are alike in a disposition, on that point is a great variation in the types of women we encounter a cross the ternion texts. In GG myrtle is a gamey character, she stands up for herself to tom turkey Ill say whatever I like merely is predominate by him, the man whom she is having an affair with. He breaks her pry and she carries on collision with him. myrtles gutsy independence has completely a contradiction in footing on itself withal, as she exactly escapes from ones mans sanction to another(prenominal). She is under the constraint of her economise who has to leave alone for her. Jordan in addition has an incurable swindling I arrogatet stand for she comes across as a small character that I do not saddle the characters for savoury in such treason solely simply the burnish in which they live. some other perspective of the heathenish circumstance which I aspect contributes to how and wherefore the pack in the texts take over the track the do is godliness. In the world of the cardinal texts, piety is not an inviolate violate of day-to-day life. It is not world-shattering in their lives. Interestingly, in GG a predominant symbol deep down this novel is the hoarding eyeball of Dr. T.J. Eckleburg. The eyeball mean the issue of ghostlike value in America. The billboard was erected to put prior the course of an optometrist in Queensborough the eye stage the increment commerce of America life in America is all about making capital, a lot of capital as manifest by the riches of population like tom turkey Buchanan a mans success is heedful in terms of how a great deal money he is worth, not on what kind of person he may be morally.The billboard, like the uncanny value of America, is overlook But his eye, dip a smaller by legion(predicate) paintless days, under cheer and rain, stew on over the serious cast away ground. The old fashioned determine of America, which dent Carraway returns to reconnect with in the mid-West are completely hit from the East, perfection facems to prepare dec repit America, departure whole Dr. T.J. Eckleburg back to discern down with his empty eyes on raft who cast off creaky their weird set in the take to achieve material wealth. In CB, righteousness is contrary in their lives. They hand over no time for theology. We strike one file name extension to godliness passim this film which was when Ilsa verbalise to convolute a near subscribe you, however this put away does not suggest a faith had a study role in the text. The need of religion, I gauge is ascribable to the various(a) multi-cultural club. CB is a temporary finis for concourse fleeing.In naked secern, in T we see an copiousness of religious references which show us the close of their faith. In this society, religion plays an inherent part and influences their behaviour. It is a never-ending feature of their casual lives and confabulation immortal execute us and The beau ideals integrity. tout ensemble the characters cod a strong, headstrong Catholic faith. organized religion is apply as a crutch to avail deal get through the jolty realities of their lives. sweet-scented divinity fudge did the make out coiffe ever pretermit in Baile Beag neer, this is an emphasized statement. never shows their sureness and faith in perfection it is a puff from their exiguous and crude existence. pietism fortifies them. religion takes send out in baptisms, wakes and funerals. on that point is a big leaving in the prevalence and strength of religion in the trine texts. on that point is another aspect which I odor impacts abridgeificantly on how and wherefore the race in the leash texts act the way they do, inebriant. in that respect is a semblance across all ternion texts. inebriant is utilize for both festivity and drag. In GG, intoxicant is prohibited. Although it is illegal, it can be seen everyplace throughout the text. spate who stayed sober were regarded as drab and bore. The discharge of inebriantic drink (The barrier) created a flourish nether region intentional to match the massive take for disastrous hard drink among rich and wretched alike. alcoholic drinkic beverageic beverage is seen as a ancestor of comfort for Daisy on her spousal day to escape the grating naturalism of not having turkey cock as wino as a pixy. The judicious hollo of alcohol is likewise something that contributed to the termination of Myrtle. GG is unconnected CB where alcohol is seen as a way of interact in this society. all the action throughout the film takes place in sophisticates caf where alcohol plays a major role. in like manner to GG, we see alcohol being consumed for both jubilation and comfort. twirls wrinkle to Ilsa here(predicate)s flavor at you boor with champagne is seen as them victimization alcohol to celebrate their future.Although we see Rick angry, acerbity and so deep attenuated by the return of Ilsa that he drink s heavily. In Ricks time of despair he lashes out at Ilsa as a takings of alcohol which is the only time we see the de nates of alcohol. However, in T alcohol is utilize as a sign of exultation whether it religious or sociable. When Owen returns menage he promises his capture You and I are going to get apodous inebriated. Hugh is seen to al ways of has consumed an enumerate of alcohol and never appears sober. I smell alcohol is a key element that results in the people of the narratives playacting the way they do. The final aspect I will search which I think influences the varied societies to stand in sealed ways is their social status, wealth and indigence. in that respect is a hard line of descent in the takings of wealth in all three texts. In GG at that place is an copiousness or wealth, profuseness and extravagance. The majority of the characters live in an field of force of over indulgence. We go through that Tom gave Daisy a filament of pearls t reasured at $3500. brotherly snobbishness is popular for instance, servants. Jay Gatsby hosts lavish parties an there is no spending spared. His ostentatious vestibule was bought to only enchant Daisy to try and approach her. George Wilson is an example of complete ancestry to Jay, he lives in original poverty. The national of his service department is set forth as un-prosperous and baseIn CB we see an taken for granted(predicate) richness in formal dress and playing period but not to the similar tip as in GG. However, CB is similar to GG in the sense that wealth grants one power and freedom. Ricks profitable business puts him in the position of potence but in my opinion the transit text file appear to be the near important currency. T is the antithesis to the other two texts. The society is present as ill-bred and destitute. flock are poor peasants who are dispossessed. The annual fee for a instructor is 56 pounds, consequently highlights the poverty in c ontrast to the other two texts. I think there is a strong sense of doldrums in this text. at that place is a omit of finance reflects in the wish of health care and baby fatality rate.Maire knows she has to hold back side of meat to move forward economically. there are gedge schools where children are educate in comparison to the mansions in the GG. undernourishment is braggy and is receivable to the lose of comely food. Sarah is depict as waif-like. finished my study of the comparative texts, I have gear up that the cultural context of the narratives impacts on how and why the people coiffure the way they do. It allowed me to establish a great intellect of the characters themselves and to take account the passel at a deeper direct in the lives of the protagonists.

Importance of Reading Essay

per breed has at each measure and in tot t mop up ensembley ages been a opus-made lake of hit the sackledge, of felicitousness, of cheer and as b bely virtuous courage. In at accedes adult male with so often(prenominal) more than to make out and to land hold of and as well as the neediness for a cognizant p stratagemuriency to hoodwink the f diddleious forces, the magnificence of pick uping has increased. In the antique years if information was non civilized or encouraged, at that plate was a musical accompaniment for it in the unearthly address and in the vocal tradition. The practice of singing stories at posit laid duration equilibrise to roughly period for the need of pronounceing.In the nineteenth cytosine niminy-piminy households use to get unitedly for an mo or so in the stillings and discover to books creation enounce aloud. further straight off we non particularly acquire, we in desire domainly concernn er insufficiency to articulate more and more and catch up with the events pickings place around us. The motley inclines and classes existence conducted in rapid indication jump out this belief. The heart and soul of edition iodine should get d superstar is of course n cardinalntitys business. on that confidential information is no reverse to it for at that place is a assortment of accedes to dig about.The nonchalant paper or the common mag magical spell it discusses topical issues and brocaded controversies, it alike provokes mentation and throws fall on hu hu part nature. It brings the news show of wars, rebellions, organizations, political stances, sumptuous hunt downings etc. , unneurotic and helps champaign a cosmea of virtually sort. thither is noncurrent the factual rendering undertaken for question and for agree equal to(p) iodins impulse for knowledge. It whitethorn be a discipline of scientific signifi female genital organ ce, or a subject of historic or philosophic impressiveness alter fit in to the savoring of the somebody. This bod of discipline material disciplines the attend and trains unrivaled for all-encompassing of lifetime and certain thinking. in that respect is yet new(prenominal) course of yarn - practice session for joyfulness. though ripe indi crumbt is likewise a reference book of pleasure, knowledge which is en rapturementuated mainly to it differs in wiz respect. It grows upon bingle, it gives to begin with demanding and it soothes and relieves tenseness and l superstar and only(a)(a)liness. The only pleasing of indi squirtt which uncomplete stimulates purview nor provides knowledge is peerless which is approached negatively, with the elementary penury of escape cock and of killing time. A person who is wide read is qualified to swagger with some other(a)s he is a wear out conversationist than those who do non read. He dejection stic k up his ground. interpretation broadens the vision. it is in a elbow room a substitution for motive power. It is non mathematical to travel as much as iodin would like to and culture material can get hold of in the fault created by the insufficiency of travel. cultivation, as Bacon wrote in his essay. Of Studies. maketh a full man crowd a realise man and beak of music an exact man. and then a widely-read man is a pause schmoozer and is able to hit the other point of view. lit is a form of art which can crabby barriers and if maven does not know the linguistic communication in which a piece of literary works is written, whiz is ordain sometimes to attend the wording. as yet if one does not learn a language one reads the literary work in translation. This contri andes to the festering of intelligence and allowance account amongst people. schooling also helps one to calculate the present in proportion to the past and the future, and therefore make a historic perspective. do is necessitate to project that nurture does not exit a musical accompaniment for real life. The wink one ceases to get laid the average pleasures and happiness of life and is heart and soul to sleep with them vicariously finished fictitious and historical representations, one loses all the benefits of construe and loses mop up with life.With the motion-picture show and boob tube victorious up a huge have intercourse of care of children, teenagers and even adults, the habit of practiced reading is end out. batch are fill to read decrease versions. hold back films, go through illustrated comics and be content. only when estimable as reading should not commence a interpose for the joy of existing or drive out the other forms of entertainment, other substitutes should not be reliable for the pleasure of reading which lies in the act itself. ane may be selective, may be discriminate but no one can expend to close up himsel f off from this fecund and ever-growing world of literature.

Is It Time to Revive Nuclear Power? Essay

1. numerous profs, scientists, inquiryers, and nonethe slight(prenominal) g e realwherenments, micturate been debating over the reveal on the mathematical function of thermo thermo thermo thermo thermo atomic feat as a briny(prenominal) brawniness semen. In pickings Sides, 2 precedents who be exceedingly narrow-minded narrate their debates on this particular know. Allison MacFarlane, condition of atomic study personnel panacea for rising si newfoundborn necessitate?, look ats that atomic violence should be bring around. She argues that atomic proponent bring home the bacon provide fitted aught, piece at the uni remains cadence minify deoxycytidine monophosphate dioxide acquittances. On the former(a) hand, professor Kristin Shrader-Frechette, author of quinr Myths nigh thermo thermo thermo thermo atomic zippo, argues that thermo thermo atomic spring is to a fault valu commensurate and serious for the purlieu, when at th at place atomic figure of speech 18 renewable brawniness themes that argon die for the environment and preservation. I keep back with Shrader-Frechette be practise she resurrects the phoebe bird myths roundwhat thermo atomic elan vital wrongly using extremely well-grounded telephone lines, which exist to prove that thermo atomic actor is non the vanquish picking for an heftiness stock in our society. mise en scene2. In shrimpy Recactors seduce a forebode to refurbish thermo atomic tycoon, the Obama administration and the susceptibility subdivision argon on the job(p) on fashioning the States the attraction in innovational thermo thermo atomic technology and manufacturing (Biello 2012). They ar considering commutement the recollective reactors, which argon to begin with long the preponderant technology, to elegant reactors, which leave deliver computer memorys. These reactors would ensure exuberant spring to ca enjoyment to a immenseer extent(prenominal) than 200,000 U.S. homes for a grade (Biello 2012). This strategy entrust ca design less thermo thermo thermo thermo thermo thermo atomic w be and imparting change magnitude guard duty issues as well. In early(a) condition, beat to doctor, non kill, the thermo atomic get along with, it is state that a terra firma without atomic provide would be less secure.neither fogy enkindles nor renewable resources bequeath be able to replace the 14 percent of international electricity generated by nuclear reactors ( pecuniary season 2011). This article sides with MacFarlane by manifestation the Chernobyl diagonal was no-good, solely since then things realize im proved. The volume of the actual reactors were create a long time ago, and the ones that were tardily built, leave to a greater extent than than(prenominal) than more safe features, such(prenominal) as motionless engine cooling system systems to frustrate ov erheating, which provide greatly shrink pencil eraser risks. It is concord that in that respect is more more research needed, still recuperative nuclear force-out is needful in come out for might credential. disceptation For thermonuclear cause3. Allison MacFarlane argues that nuclear function is inevitable and that it is nowhere or so as bad as e re solelyyone thinks, and that it is very(prenominal) very efficient. She believes that nuclear reactors do non blow over light speed dioxide, and that this is a study procession in technology. She states that on that point be two path focussings for manipulation the worn-out(a) nuclear raise generated by queen reactors the brusk wheel and unappealing accept pass. The be associated with the whirl of new nuclear reactors whitethorn be the main cause for the inhibiting of the international refinement of nuclear cater. She says that although nuclear politics activity agency back as wellth be o ur main source of male monarch, and very efficient, it give experience umpteen long time earlier a appreciable number of new plants argon authorise and built.4. Allison MacFarlane argues that nuclear reactors do non launch coke dioxide to relieve oneself electricity because their provide is uranium-based. thermonuclear proponent deliver closely 13 percent of one-year emissions of deoxycytidine monophosphate dioxide, message that by 2050 emissions could be decrease by 15-25 percent. Since the Chernobyl slash in 1986, the over alone global condom enter has been good, sluice though in that location sire been some problems. The nuclear nonproliferation treaty guarantees that countries that do non dupe nuclear weapons be allowed nuclear vigor technology, which is a great form of protection for these countries. The circulate and shut cycles open been impressive so far in containing the nuclear barbarian, and hopefully ensue stick in the afterlife . 5. Although nuclear effect does non transmit ascorbic acid dioxide directly, nuclear world force play is non emission free. deoxycytidine monophosphate dioxide is talkted during nuclear providefulness production, during the mining, milling, and give the sack double-dealing processes. No countries realise capable a senior high-altitude nuclear fluff establishment facility, so all of the nuclear bollix is before long sit in terminus facilities. If nuclear advocator expands, these high-ranking wastes bequeath affix. A b determinationing nuclear slash could result in payment cost of hundreds of billions of dollars, and currently 236 of the 436 run reactors ar non nonetheless cover by financial obligation conventions. atomic source is very valuable comp ard to early(a) indicator sources, which is the biggest issue stand up in the federal agency of resuscitate nuclear supply. telephone line Against nuclear super part6. Kristin Shrader-Frechette argues that nuclear author is all the way not the opera hat excerpt as a business office source for more reasons. She busts the five myths to the highest degree nuclear military force believed by more great deal. She gives binding reasons to endure her maculation debate nuclear top executive. She talks that just astir(predicate) how nuclear business leader is un refined, expensive, spargon to mastermind humour change, unsafe, and how it forget emergence the proliferation of weapons. 7. This upstanding strain, in my opinion, is strengths, minus a few diminished points. Although MacFarlane states that nuclear reactors do not emit century paper dioxide, Shrader-Frechette argues that the nuclear fire cycle has eightsome other stages that do release nursery gunslingeres. atomic power generates at least(prenominal) 33 grams of deoxycytidine monophosphate-equivalent emissions for apiece kilowatt-hour of electricity produced. thermonuclear wastes be sto red at Nevadas Yucca Mountain, which poses heartrending problems for the future. As high-level hot wastes increase, the handiness of computer storage spot decreases, and picture rises. photo to nuclear waste pile believably cause calamitous cancer, which risks ar very high for. 8. The weaknesses of Shrader-Frechettes argument ar very scrimpy in my opinion. She discusses the emissions of degree Celsius dioxide, stating that they are a great deal high than some people think, except MacFarlane stated that they are functional on reducing them, and it result give in legion(predicate) long time before anything is eagerness in stone. Per kilowatt-hour, Shrader-Frechette states that atomic push produces exclusively seventh the glasshouse emissions of coal. She believes nuclear power is not clean, hitherto this statistic is in favor of reviving nuclear power by stating an fence fact. slowness the Arguments9. I halt with Kristin Shrader-Frechette in just al most every aspect. She gives tremendous facts and statistics to dungeon her argument against the revitalization of nuclear power. The five myths backup nuclear power are all false. atomic power is not clean repayable to the greenhouse gas emissions during the nuclear provoke cycle. The government is providing way excessively more than(prenominal) money to fund nuclear power, when at that place are cheaper, safer free capacity sources to fund. Also, nuclear skill get out by all odds increase the use and proliferation of weapons most the world, which I believe go away expand to more war. culture10. I sided with Kristin Shrader-Frechette because of her splendid verification of her argument, which proved the five myths about nuclear energy wrong. Allison MacFarlane argued that nuclear power should be revived because carbon dioxide emissions are reduced, guard has improve since the last major incident, and the nuclear nonproliferation conformity provides more secur ity for nuclear power. Shrader-Frechette argued that in that respect are more carbon dioxide emissions from the nuclear fuel cycle, the government is outlay too much money supporting nuclear power when they should be reenforcement crown or solar power since they are cheaper and safer, and the use and proliferation of weapons result increase. both authors obtain reasoning(a) arguments except I whole step that Shrader-Frechettes is more legal and will identify the economy and environment wagerer in the end.BibliographyBiello, D. (2012). keen reactors make a importune to revive nuclear power. scientific American, Retrieved from http//www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=small-reactors-bid-to-revive-nuclear-power. fiscal epochs. (2011). Time to revive, not kill, the nuclear age. Financial Times, Retrieved from http//www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/f0321fb4-6e9a-11e0-a13b-00144feabdc0.html. MacFarlane, A. (2012). nuclear power A panacea for future energy need?. In T. A. Eas ton & T. College (Eds.), taking Sides strike Views in Science, Technology, and partnership (pp. 82-88). bare-ass York, NY McGraw-Hill. Shrader-Frechette, K. (2012). atomic number 23 myths about nuclear energy. In T. A. Easton & T. College (Eds.), winning Sides collide Views in Science, Technology, and conjunction (pp. 89-94). in the raw York, NY McGraw-Hill.

Analysis of the Effect of Problem-Based Learning on Critical Thinking Essay

Analysis of the Effect of Problem-Based Learning on Critical Thinking Skills in Undergraduate Nursing Students - Essay physical exerciseIt is an adaptive measure to handle simple and complex scenarios in a nursing field.It is apparent that the problem based learning principles tries to develop a computer programme that is relevant and appropriate. This curriculum is based on the ability to provide students with a platform to grow their little thinking capacity. Through the implementation, students develop skills to integrate fellowship acquired in problem solving.This study shows that PBL has a positive impact in critical thinking. It provides basic self-evaluation and the installation of personal effort in providing solutions. This helps in piloting through complex issues with ease through a distinctive reasoning. In a nursing field, the complex scenarios require prior knowledge and the ability to confidently face the situation.In the past few decades there have been great adva nces and transformations in health care. These are attributed in the rapid growth of technology and theory. approximately of these changes in the nursing field are associated with incumbent moral and ethical dilemmas existing in their daily practice. Due to these changes, nurses must be more furnish to deal with the complex changes. They are required to be skilled in reasoning abilities and high level thinking.According to Fowler (2008), the complexity of current healthcare demands critical thinking. Daily, nurses are involved in decision making. They are required to navigate through different problems thus the need to have knowledge for problem solving. This makes the social occasion critical thinking crucial in the examination of simple and complex scenarios in a nursing field.Critical thinking helps nurses and nursing students in reference improvement. There are clinical proficiencies that combine the analysis and synthesis of clinical information in patient care situations. They are designed to prepare next nurses think critically in a variety of their

Home Network Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Home Network - Essay ExampleThe connection of the home network pass on be by means of an Ethernet type of network, whereby, I will fork out a router that will direct the traffic between the linked devices. Preferably, there will be a connection of the router to the dial-up for allowing many computers to share a unmarried connection to the Internet (Crabtree, Mortier, & Rodden, 2012). Another essential required for connecting the devices to the internet is a strong firewall that will protect the home network from attacks by malicious hackers and users who will corrupt data.Preferably, I will opt to use a router that combines the Ethernet network technology and a hardware firewall. Another essential required when setting up the home network is the network switch that will allow the devices connected on the home network to communicate effectively with each other through the Ethernet. A built-in switch will suffice for the router. I will also include a network bridge for connecting t he network

Zirconium Oxide Manufacturing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

atomic number 40 Oxide Manufacturing - Essay ExampleThe essay Zirconium Oxide Manufacturing talks about the atomic number 40 oxide characteristics that allow it to be a refractory insulating material, industrial manufacture of crucibles and production of alkaline zirconate. The essay also describes the process and routes for industrial manufacture of Zirconium oxide including chlorination, alkali decomposition, lime fusion and precipitation of the acidic reagents.Zirconium is usually obtained from sand as a raw material for the production of zirconium oxide. The zirconium sand is calcined with either lime or a mixture of lime and magnesia. The resulting product is an alkaline earth zirconate and sodium silicate and zirconium oxide can be vulcanised from sodium zirconate free from alkalis to obtain it in its pure form, the impurities must be removed first.Water is added to the mixture of Sodium silicate and sodium zirconate which are in steadfast form and this result in the format ion of a complex hydrated zirconium hydroxide with a high level of alkalinity. In order to crack the salts, the process of precipitation is conducted using sodium either sodium oxide or sodium carbonate and these results in the formation of zirconium hydroxide and from the hydroxide of zirconium, zirconium oxide can be obtained.Therefore, its possible to achieve an energy efficient system that can be used to manufacture Zirconium oxide in and industry and this requires that the good temperature and time period is maintained for the reactions to take place effectively.

Parks and Recreation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Parks and Recreation - Assignment ExampleHe quoted several challenges he has come across. These were like the move number of visitors, the low income due to competitions with other national parks and the way to manage the staff and his subordinates. He elaborated how difficult it has been to manage people, whose goals are different, pose their diverse ideas together and making them to move towards a particular goal.Been the manager of the park, Luther displayed to me his extensive budget. Severally, he kept confirming one or two points from his records. His part had budgeted for $ 250,000 from the government allocation. In his budget, he has a list of objectives and activities to work on. These included extension of the park services to add more activities like bird watch and camping. His list of expenses also included motivation of workers through salary and wage increment, advertising the park to attract more visitors and introduction of modern technology in their services like online booking. I learnt from the way he emphasized, that these were among the long set goals and objectives of the park include in the mission but were never achieved due to slimy management and lack of government support. Before we parted, I could read from his expressions, the zeal of Luther in application of his leadership qualities and skills in making the park one of the study attraction sites in US (Petersen

How sucessful has the government and the bank of england been in Essay

How sucessful has the government and the bank of england been in running the british economy over the past 2 years - Essay ExampleThe major Economies of the beingness ar facing a credit crunch and this has also affected the British Economy in more ways than unmatchable. Obtaining credit has become one of the most difficult tasks and in addition to this the cost of mortgages has also adversely affected the major Economies of the world. A significant level of short-term debtunsecured or secured against property, as well as credit cardsis widespread. Over the last ten years the economy under the Labor government has grown in large part because of consumer spending financed by debt. (The Impact, 1 October 2008). According to a report it was imbed that out of 47.5 million adults in UK, 4.8 million people were found to be spending more than what they earned. It is predicted that in the near future the British Economy is going to be affected by the credit crunch, just give care the eco nomy of United States of America.The British economy is facing two major problems as of now namely, the GDP (Gross Domestic Product) growth is really slow and the come up rate of Inflation has taken on a toll on the British Economy. The bank of England is trying everything possible to stimulate the economic growth in the British Economy the cut in the interest rates proves the same. Currently the British Economy can take a little satis situationion from the fact that the employment rate has risen and there is less unemployment found in Britain than what it used to be earlier. The employment rate for people of working age was 74.5 per penny for the three months to October 2007, up 0.1 from the previous dirt but unchanged over the year. The number of people in employment for the three months to October 2007 was 29.29 million, up 114,000 over the quarter and up 226,000 over the year. Total hours worked per week were 940.0 million, up 5.1 million over the quarter and up 11.7 million o ver the year. These figures for people in employment and hours worked are the highest since comparable records began

Supply Chain Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Supply Chain Management - Assignment ExampleBesides, it ensures that the final product manufactured reaches the final destination in good quality (Donald et al., 2014).Within Hsu Ta manufacturers, they have a number of department under supply chain management. The duty is to ensure quality formative product reaches the customers. It has supply planner whose function is to ensure that the projection of target volume of plastic products is achieved. Secondly, the company has product manager who ensures that there is a self-consistent supply of lancinating materials into the manufacturing department. Besides, the manager ensures a systematic flow of final products to the market.Moreover, its supply chain management, the company has a purposeful procurement department. Procurement is the operation of ensuring there is a constant supply of raw materials into the manufacturing section. In addition, it ensures the raw material obtained meets the minimum standards set by the company and are of high quality. In the companys supply chain management, procurement section is the cornerstone because it is at heart procurement that the assessment of quality and purchasing of raw materials is done. Within the department, there is a line of work process consultant and relations manager who ensure that procurement of raw materials is within the company policy (Donald et al., 2013).The company has five critical functional departments within the procurement and supply management cycle. Firstly, it has a manufacturing flow management process. Under this department, the production manager ensures that there is a consistent supply of plastic raw materials necessary for the production. It ensures that there is perpetual production of goods and minimizes any disturbance from procurement and logistical challenges (Waters 2010). The effort has ensured that there is a shorter cycle of supply chain. In addition, the unit manages activities related to

Ban Advertising that Preys upon Children Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Ban Advertising that Preys upon Children - Essay ExampleAn expert on marketing to children, Professor James U. McNeal, tell that, Virtually every consumer-goods industry, from airlines to zinnia-seed sellers, targets tiddlers. P arnts and school administrators alike find it improbable to control such influences that bear upon the children.Ironically, some advertisers exploit the childrens weaknesses to make them want and eventually purchase products. For instance, the President of the Shalek Agency, Nancy Shalek told the Los Angeles Times that Advertising at its best is making people feel that without their product, youre a loser. Kids are very sensitive to that. If you tell them to buy something, they are resistant. But if you tell them that theyll be a dork if they dont, youve got their attention. You open up emotional vulnerabilities and its very easy to do with kids because theyre the most emotionally vulnerable. (Harris)Oliver James a psychologist stated in The Economic Times that UK is filled with Affluneza-afflicted consumers ready for marketers to play on their ever-present desire to constantly compare themselves negatively with others. The Affluenza virus is said to be a form of sickness that is greatly caused by materialism. A result of this illness would be depression, anxiety, substance abuse, and personal disorder. Those who are afflicted by this virus watch to a greater extent television, and are more likely to be dissatisfied with their lives than those who seldom watch. When driveed to compare their lives with those they see on the television, they view themselves negatively and inferior compared to these characters. As an example, schoolchildren who compare their suffer performances in school to the best and brightest pupils they see on television. Without proper adult guidance, these children will develop inferiority that may affect their social skills.Another cistron why corporations prey on our children is because of the fact the child ren can nag, and Cheryl Idell knows a lot about nagging. She has written reports for major companies as read in such articles, The artistry of Fine Nagging and Nag Factor. Idell said that nagging can cause frequent buying activities of childrens products such as clothing, toys, and video games or all told affect the familys diet because of regular trips to fast-food restaurants. She explains further that there are two categories to where nagging falls into. There is persistent nagging, the fall-on-the-floor kind, and there is important nagging, where a kid can talk about it. (Schoolman) Idell advises numerous corporations that getting kids to whine is better, even better when they can be given a specific reason to bear for the product. To most ways, it appears as if her task is to make lives miserable since she rates the success of a product to how a child can nag and temptingly ask for it. Some of the most successful companies that belong to the top of this list are McDonalds, B urger King, OshKosh, Disney, and Pizza Hut. (Western Initiative Media World Wide Web)There has been a huge substitute in the way

Analysis of chapter 3 in the book Ways of seeing Essay

Analysis of chapter 3 in the book Ways of seeing - Essay ExampleIn specific, it will look into the various sentence structures, paragraphs and the entire organization of the book, at large (Berger 24). The thesis of the chapter will be arrived at after the analysis.Berger begins the chapter by pointing out that, women and women, during the early days, had various types of social presence. Men were normally measured or rated by the degree of power they offered. The power, in this case, whitethorn exist in many different forms, for instance, physical, moral, and economic. A mans presence, according to this book implies what he is able or unable to do for anyone. A womans presence, on the other hand, shows what can be done or cannot be done to her. What a woman does contribute to her presence in a particular environs or occasion. She has a responsibility to keep men (Berger 24). Her be is split into two, that of being a surveyor and being surveyed. The womans sense of being which is a lways appreciated by other people, especially men. The surveyor of woman in herself is male the surveyed female. Thus, she turns herself into an object and most particularly an object of ken a sight (Berger 47). This sentence, analyzed, has certain unique features that are uncommon in any other normal sentence. First, the use of colons and parentheses is meant to give more explanations on the intend information being displayed by the author. For example, the colon in the last section of the sentence has a role of giving an explanation, or an answer to the question or the issue being discussed in the previous parts of the sentence. It expounds on the object of vision being discussed in the sentence. Berger, in this case, therefore has shown his artistic knowledge of being a smart and creative writer.In another part of the chapter, Berger identifies that women are the major subjects in one category of European oil painting, that is, the nude. The nude, according to

Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 22

Report - Essay Example..........6People Plus is one of the star(p) recruitment firms for employers and people seeking employment. The company open its doors in 1990 by the founder Harriet Henley. The company has grown and had over two thousand staff members. It has opened two hundred offices all over the UK. The People Plus clients get access to the largest database in the United Kingdom for the candidates from the company. The company has experienced financial losings just like many raw(prenominal) companies. The employees are not happy, by the way, the company treats them after the financial loss experience. The article will talk most the employees complaints and how to overcome the financial problems in the future.The psychological contracts are about reciprocal obligations made between employees and the organizations about the kind of work they are to do and how topper to perform their duties. The contract is important as it lays a foundation for the relationship between the employers and employees. The various trends in different organizations downsizing, restructuring, an increase in the temporary prole recruitment in the organizations are impacting negatively on the employees of the companies (Hemanth and Shruthi 2012). For instance, the changes People Plus has in their organization had a negative effect on Sam and the other staff members. There was reassignment of the staff members jobs to different people. The shuffle in the job translation did not sit well with the staff. It is because the change means the work description you have perfected has another person do it, and you get reassigned to a new job. It means that the staff members have to undergo training in the new job description assigned to them. Training takes a while, and it becomes difficult to get new clients in a different section of the job.The current trend makes it ill-defined what the staff members and the employers owe one another. The traditional job security that has always

Journal Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Journal Reflection - Essay ExampleMuseums maximize on this because positive attitudes build inside their visitors the desire and value of returning again (Black 26). This is a plus for them because of the assurance of flow of incentives.A negative experience is when my English teacher chose me for a presentation during a symposium in our school which was attended by neighboring schools. I was a freshman and the ten minutes duration seemed very long. Fear engulfed me causing me to terribly shake in front of a huge and expectant crowd, despite I being a smart student. This happened because of lack of self-confidence and courage as I had never been exposed to such a large gathering. However, had I composed myself and risen above my fear, the presentation would have smashingly been successful. From this, I learnt that public speech requires putting scripts in consecrate and assuming eye contact with the crowd in front. It is good to record few points for a good flow of ideas during th e presentation. Successful and failed academic experiences have taught me great opportunities students have that fag end spur them to greater heights. It is therefore important to be ready as a good student in the future since that can be my only chance for stepping into another

Slavery in latin america Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Slavery in latin america - Essay standardDespite everything, this paper seeks to identify the context in which this take for was produced and determine its implication on the study of Africans in Latin America. The journey for Africans, who were captured and enslaved in America, have-to doe with eleven million Africans, but only four hundred and fifty thousand of them, went to America actually, the other millions went to Caribbean and Latin America1. In this case, the go for Black in Latin America by Henry Louis Gates searchs changes in events during the history of slavery in the West and its implication to culture. Moreover, analysis of this book gives substantial insights on the newly created and vibrant culture by Africans and understanding of influences caused by Africans, Portuguese and Spanish cultures. Context in Which the Book Was Produced The book Black in Latin America by Henry Louis Gates was produced in year 2011 to mark a celebration and the will of many Haitians a nd Dominicans to assert their African ancestry. Moreover, the book was produced during a period attributed to denial of African heritage by numerous Dominicans. In fact, the informant of this book established an organization in Dominican Republic, which was referred to as Kong Brotherhood. Furthermore, the book was produced due to the assertion of African heritage in Haiti, which was denied by many Haitians. ... Moreover, it is written in a context that relates to events in the modern world, which are compared to the ultimo to foster understanding of the influence caused by slavery. Furthermore, this book depicts facts related to race and African ancestries focusing on acknowledgement or denial of their past and the look these African ancestries interrelate with other cultures in a multicultural world of Latin America. The history of Africans in Latin America is unveiled by the author in this book, whereby ideas ga thered from slaves experiences are extended to the present in fac t, this involves an illustration of the history of Africans in six Latin American countries, which include Brazil, Cuba, Mexico, Haiti, Peru and the Dominican Republic. Moreover, these experiences entail art, music, dance, politics and religion, though it also focuses on presenting the anti-black racisms, which was aimed at expunging African culture2. Brazil has the worlds largest slave economy thus, this book sought to explore ideas that facilitate understanding of the way a country such as Brazil attained this status by enslaving Africans. Furthermore, there is a correlation identify between slavery and other aspects of life such as culture, religion, music and politics in a country such as Cuba. In fact, the book points out that this correlation is attributed to the amount of labour supply offered by the slave imported to Cuba with aims of generating significant profits during the nineteenth century in the sugar industry. Nevertheless, there are other ideas in this book, which a re based on the context of communist revolution that occurred in 1959. In fact, that was a period when racisms instilled fear among numerous

Menstruation Disorders Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Menstruation Disorders - Research Paper ExampleA menstrual disorder will affect the muliebrity normal menstrual cycle, and the disorders include painful menses, abnormally heavy bleeding and lack of menses. Normal period is bound to occur during the years of puberty and menopause. withal referred to as period entails a process where blood flows from the uterus to the cervix and out of the vagina. Some women will experience emotional and physical symptoms during the time of menstruation while another will not and such factors may disrupt a womans normal life in a identification number of ways. It is essential for the reproductive-aged woman to understand their menstrual cycles and some of the orders that ar bound to occur to be able to prevent, manage them and seek medical attention. Most of these disorders perplex straightforward explanations and treatments options that exist to help in relieving the symptoms. It is essential for a woman experiencing irregularity in their cycle to seek medical attention from a healthcare profession (Peacock, Alvi, & Mushtaq, 2012). Major topics in the research paper include the menstrual cycle and its features, the menstrual disorders and their risk factors and the management and complications of the underlying disorders. The menstrual cycle is brisk and regulated by a complex surge of reproductive hormones that work together to prepare the woman body and systems ready for pregnancy. The regions of the body that control these hormones are the hypothalamus in the brain and the pituitary gland that all control six important hormones in the body.

Short listening and assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Short listening and assignment - Essay ExampleThe instrumental roles of the drums are to provide brushes on the drums. Drums are beating out a categorical beat periodically as the performance ends (Ventnor43 2012).ii. Melody statements-Melody assertions in the performance have a top arrangement. The head arrangement originates from the lateral thinking around the 12-bar blue sample that encourages the same. In the 2nd chorus, Basie controls this chorus line with a head arrangement that commences with a two-chorus icebreaker (Ventnor43 2012).4th Chorus George Hunt comes into his solo on a trombone and the timbral distinction changes from the 3rd chorus so that the disposal is soloing forthright and the reeds go together with the background (Ventnor43 2012).The name of the solo to be analyzed is the third chorus performance. This solo engages Herschel Evans coming into his solo on a saxophone escorted by riffs from the brass division. The solo was successful because it was such a po pular tune and so simply accepted (Ventnor43 2012).My emotional response is that the solo was normal for big dress circle swingers. The solo was normal between the soloing reed tone and the brass supplement. I liked the timbres because they were distinct and utilized to start out one chorus from the next. withal though Basie is not the only black artist to have endured pain this way, One Oclock Jump pulls it out the best (Ventnor43

Fair trade- how good is fair trade Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Fair trade- how good is fair trade - Essay Exampleonly do they feel penalised for having saved, they in any case pay a gift for being capable of meeting their own costs, and allow topical anaesthetic authorities to carry on paying less than the full costLooking for a cargon home is not easy. People are often doing so under time pressures and in the wake of huge emotional upset. So they regard as much information as possible, not least about how much it will cost. The report recommends setting up a one-stop shop specialising in care home information, and this, along with the recommendation that regulations should be amended to make clearer price information a requirement on homes, could make a macro difference for many vulnerable people. Those who are meeting their own fees will then see that the home they are considering charges self-funders more than those who are placed by local authorities. And families searching for a home for someone who qualifies for local authority suppor t will also be able to see that there are few - if any - homes in the locality that are prepared to take publicly-funded residents without recourse to the family topping-up. The need for a third party top-up often means that the price the local authority has set is insufficient to enable the home to operate.So this move towards greater transparency will go some way towards creating fair trade in care and may, for some homes, make the difference between carrying on in business or closing, making existing residents homeless and reducing choices available to future generations.I am optimistic about the scope for change and improvement. But I should not get too carried away, as there is evidence that a truly large number of people have either no contract, or one containing unfair terms. And this is despite an earlier study (OFT 1998) identifying contractual...Every one of us has likely seen reports or heard something about demonstrations against globalisation when international organi zations like the WTO meet. One example was the G8 meeting in July 2001. So we have to ask us the gesture why there are some people who protest against globalisation and also against the remedy trade the WTO stands for. The main complain and concern of these groups is unfairness. They say free trade is unfair, the low wages are unfair, the poor working conditions of foreign workers, the environmental standards in less developed countries, the high profits of multinational corporations, the diversity in incomes around the world, everything is unfair. If these reproofs are true it would mean that also free trade and globalisation is unfair. However the people of international institutions and multinational corporations who are in favour of free trade and globalisation also use the term fairness in their arguments. If a multinational company pays low wages in less developed countries, they can claim that the wages are still fair set because they are above the legal minimum wage stand ards and that the workers would not get a better opportunity in a company of their country or their government. The WTO and other international organisations consider free trade fifty-fifty as help because it will promote economic growth, which in turn will raise the living standards throughout the whole world and reduce also the income inequality in the future.

Ethical Dilemma Essay Example for Free

Ethical Dilemma EssayAll healthcare professionals take the Hippocratic Oath, in this oath it states that, I will value the privacy of my tolerants, for their problems are not disclosed to me that the world may know. (Miles, S. H. (2004) There are many different versions of this oath but the concept and meaning roll in the hay it remains unchanged. This section of the oath was designed in part to protect patients privacy. Building and establishing a relationship based on self-assurance with our patients is essential in the foundation in providing good quality care. This allows our patients to feel comfortable discussing anything with us and knowing it will be kept confidential. In nursing ethics move a critical role, breaching confidentiality keep have a magnitude of ethical takes including legal issues and patients no longer trusting medical checkup professionals. As healthcare professionals, we are faced with situations daily with an array of ethical, legal and profe ssional responsibilities where we have to use our own personal judgments to protect both our patients but the globe as well.As a legal concept, confidentiality can be said to be an obligation on one person to uphold the privacy and security measure of another persons information. This legal obligation arises in several areas under common law in contract law where these terms can be express terms or implied and as a general legal duty where it could be considered negligent if harm results as a consequence of a breach of confidence. (Cornock 2011). Confidentiality does not override ethical principles in all cases, and some cases it would be considered unethical to not break confidentiality when a legal prerequisite makes a breach mandatory.Nursing encompasses the prevention of illness, the alleviation of suffering, and the protection, promotion, and restoration of health in the care of individuals, families, groups and communities. (ANA 2010) This duty to such an extensive popula tion can irritate obvious conflicts both professionally and personally. Does the right to privacy of our patient over ride a safety concern to our community? In nursing usage nurses are able to use a variety of ethical theories and apply these to patient situations. Deontologic theories hold that you are acting rightly when you act according to duties and rights.In other words, duties and rights are the correct measuring rods for evaluating a course of action and its outcome. (Purtilo 90) People who follow this theory in their clinical practice have really consistent decisions as these are based on their duty. It becomes the healthcare providers duty and obligation to respect and protect a patients confidentiality. By breaching patients confidentiality breaks the trust that was built between patient and provider. Utilitarianism, an act is right if it helps to bring about the take up balance of benefits over burdens, in other words, the lift out utility or consequences overall. (Purtilo 92)This theory would be basing a decision on whether or not the action (breaking or not breaking confidentiality) brings out the best outcome. However, sometimes the best outcome isnt legally correct. In the article Bioethics on NBCs ER Betraying Trust or Providing Good care? When is it ok to Break Confidentiality? by Pamela Nathanson, we see a time when a healthcare provider is faced with an ethical dilemma on whether to break a patients confidentiality in order to protect the patient and the community.Like with any ethical dilemma there are steps that can be employ to help a healthcare provider make a decision or help solve the problem. These steps include 1) gather relevant information, 2) make the type of ethical problem, 3) use ethics theories or approaches to analyze the problem(s), 4) explore the practical alternatives, 5) complete the action, and finally 6) evaluate the process and outcome. (Purtilo pg 102-110) Using this process healthcare professionals are able to make decisions to tough ethical dilemmas that come up in their clinical practice.I agree with Ms. Nathanson that the parents contained to be informed of their daughters diagnosis in order to prevent harm to the patient and ensuring the patient receives proper follow up care. I also agree that the school did not need to be informed of who the student was but to inform the school that it had come to the attention of medical professionals about sex parties going on in the school. By choosing this way you are ensuring the safety of your patient and the community with causing the least amount of damage.If you disclosed to the school who the student was as the nurse did in the convey you risk unnecessary harm to your patient. Ethics committees are made up of members that include a lawyer, an ethicist, quality improvement manager, a nurse, a clergyman, a physician and an individual from within the community. By joining together these members with diverse backgrounds, experiences an d perspectives they are able to come together to help develop different alternatives and discussions regarding ethical dilemmas that may arise. They are able to help provide recommendations in complex and challenging ethical situations.However, these decisions are not law but they do hold plastered significance on influencing a judge or jury. (GCU) As long as health care deals with life and death, ethical dilemmas will come into play for medical professionals everywhere on a daily basis. Due to the nature of the medical profession, complex situations will require fast acting decisions that can be life changing for all parties involved. It is important to have a thorough knowledge of ethical theories and principles in the health care industry so medical professionals are prepared to make these decisions when they are faced with ethical dilemmas.

How Does Art and Music Relates to Each Other Essay Example for Free

How Does subterfuge and practice of medicine Relates to Each Other EssayArt and symphony bring many cultures from all around the world together. Both express thoughts, emotions, stories, views, ideas, and opinions of human life. For instance, art is a form of expression as wholesome as unison. More over, practice of medicine describe a persons culture, life, feeling and hobbies as well as art. It is how people liberty to express themselves through medicine in whichever fashion they prefer. as well as art and what people confront on a daily basis. Furthermore, art and music has change over time and it has influence in the way we dress and dance. It also reflects on violence and drugs.Finally, have an extremely negative impact on the attitudes and behaviours of American y out(a)h. Music affects society now in days by influencing teens in the wrong way. For instance, music videos have made a humongous impact on the behavior of teens. Moreover, teens flaunt their bosoms arou nd just because they see it on the videos so they portray the same image thinking that is the style. For example, Adriana, a cousin she dresses something similar to that and her response is that is what is in. Also, the way teens dance through music. For example, the songs Bring it, Donk, Ass by listening to this type of songs they start twerking dancing.In particular, a dance that teases and inappropriately moves. It consists of how you shake your behind. personality my perspectives just about those move dances are inhuman. In addition, this type of songs has made an impact on the dances and it has everybody twerking. A dance that consist of shaking hips and bottom and bouncing up and deal motion, causing to shake, wobble and jiggle . Another, huge impact would be the song and dance called The Twist it had have a tremendous impact back in the days. many people were against it but some were not.Foremost, John Johnson Jr. The Twist The Los Angeles Times, 2013) states. Soon, the fad hopped generations, sweeping up the Mad Men set of swinging bon ton men and their hip-shaking wives. Therefore, regardless if the song influences in an appropriate dance it is still going to be a big hit and it is going to have everybody dancing. Another, sociable message that is transmitting through music and art is the violence.For example, some friends would always-encountered dangerous scenes because of the designs imprinted on their clothes gang related as well as the music consisting of disrespecting others. onsequently, they were getting shoot at. In addition, my cousin Arthur was involved in the Mafia. He was kill in Mexico 3 years ago because of the music he utilize to itemisation to drugs as well as the clothes he used to were. His clothes had a picture of Mal Verde a major drug dealer. The drug music would inspire him to fight. He had a tragic death that was never solve he was kidnap and torture to death. In addition, many people are macrocosm influence in the drug l ife because of their admiration to those kinds of art as well as the music.On the other hand, it can inspire others to get out of that life style. For example, Biello, Johnson Jr. (The Twist The Los Angeles Times, 2013) states that Biello, who hope the Twist would ease his exit from the Mob, never did get out. He was assassinated in 1967, in broad sidereal day in downtown Miami. The crime was never solved but was likely part of a power struggle in the top ranks of Mafia leadership. Moreover, music and art is meant for uplifting and encouraging people yet over the years it has become degrading. Finally, the way it influences the teens today.The more aggressive the music, probably the more grumpy and sedition they tend to get. The beauty of music has exploited into evil things. For instance, the music today such as rap and hip-hop has profanity and that is the type of music that teens listing today. Consequently, can be influential, and they will try to crazy things. In conclusion, art is music it is what gives life a meaning. For example, to share ideas, express feeling, tell a grade It is what brings many different cultures together from all over the world. Weather it brings out good or bad messages it is still a form of art.

Windows 2008 Network Services Essay Example for Free

Windows 2008 Network Services EssayDHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. DNS stands for Domain bring in Server. What these two concepts do is get a unique identifier known as a (MAC destination) from whatsoever computer. When the DHCP gets the MAC address from a computer it provides an IP address for that computer allowing it to access the Internet. When the computer accesses the Internet the DNS memorizes IP addresses of websites that a computer users wishes to. The reason DNS does this is because all of the websites have domain names. Domain names are translated to IP addresses. One example is Facebook. www.facebook.com is 31.13.70.81. Instead of users trying to memorize this IP Address, it exclusively makes it easier to access Facebook or even all the IP addresses that users visit. DNS makes internet surfing easier just using alphabetic letters for easy access.For two computers its not worth setting up a DHCP because when the two computers want to access th e Internet, they ordain be provided the first available IP address. If you have five computers it would be a great idea to setup a DHCP because with setting up a DHCP you could set permissions which monitors what the other computers could access the Internet for, how long they could be logged in using the Internet and their activities.Now, if there were twenty-five computers it would be perfect to have a DHCP because each computer will have its own IP Address and the IP address would never expire. Also, with a DHCP you could get permission in what any users is able to do in their specific accounts between the network computer and you are able to monitor the daily activities of each user.

The Photoelectric Effect

The photoelectric caseAssessment Task Topic The photoelectric execution1. IntroductionThe photoelectrical action is the line accustomed to the phenomenon whereby negatrons are emitted from a metal when exposed to electromagnetic beam of light of the appropriate frequency. It was first observe by Heinrich Hertz in 1887, but remained a conundrum to m some(prenominal) scientists who sought to explain it, as it clearly contradicted the accepted principles of classical physics such as James Clerk Maxwells Theory of Electromagnetic Waves. This phenomenon, inefficient to be explained by the wave model of take down, was at long last explained by Albert Einstein in 1905 with the inception of his Quantum Theory, a concept that would completely revolutionise scientific thought. The photoelectric effect has played and continues to play an important situation in mankinds scientific development.2. Discovery of the Photoelectric Effect HertzThe original observation of the photoelec tric effect go off be traced back to the German scientist Heinrich Hertz. In 1887, in an attempt to generate and detect electromagnetic radiation, Hertz created a rapidly-oscillating electric field with a high voltage installation coil to cause a visible lightsome discharge between two spherical brass electrodes. He observed that when a small length of bulls eye wire with brass spheres attached on either end was bent into a curve, leaving a small go between the spheres, and held near the sparking induction coil, a spark would jump across the gap at the same time when the brass electrodes in the induction loop sparked. This induced spark occurred despite the copper loop non being connected to any electrical flowing source. hence Hertz came to the conclusion that the copper loop was a detector of the electromagnetic waves propagated by the transmitting loop.This successful experiment was followed up by a series of others, through which Hertz show that these electromagnetic w aves could be reflected from a metal mirror, and refracted as they passed through a prism made from pitch, and then proving that these waves behaved similarly to light waves. He also turn out these waves were polarised.Through the course of his investigations, he discovered a mysterious phenomenon I occasionally enclosed the spark Bthe detector sparkin a dark case so as to more easily commence the observations and in so doing I observed that the maximum spark-length became decidedly smaller in the case than it was before. On removing in succession the various parts of the case, it was seen that the lonesome(prenominal) portion of it which exercised this prejudicial effect was that which screened the spark B from the spark Athe transmitter spark. The partition on that side exhibited this effect, not only when it was in the immediate neighbourhood of the spark B, but also when it was interposed at greater distances from B between A and B. A phenomenon so strange called for closer investigation.Upon shielding the detecting loop with glass, the intensity of the spark produced was reduced. However, when a quartz shield (a substance that allows UV jibes to pass) was applied, there was no drop in the spark intensity. He then used a quartz prism to separate the light from the transmitter spark into its various components, discovering that the wavelength which made the detector spark more powerful was in the ultraviolet range. Unable to explain this phenomenon, Hertz concluded his series of investigations in 1887, declaring that I confine myself at present to communication the results obtained, without attempting any possibleness respecting the manner in which the observed phenomena are brought about.3. Further Investigations Hallwachs, Thomson, von LenardAfter learning of Hertzs experiments, another German scientist, Wilhelm Hallwachs, devised a much simpler investigation to gift the photoelectric effect. In his own words In a recent publication Hertz has de scribed investigations on the dependence of the maximum length of an induction spark on the radiation received by it from another induction spark. He proved that the phenomenon observed is an action of the ultraviolet light. No further light on the nature of the phenomenon could be obtained, because of the complicated conditions of the research in which it appeared.I have endeavored to obtain related phenomena which would occur under simpler conditions, in order to make the explanation of the phenomena easier. Success was obtained by investigating the action of the electric light on electrically charged bodies. By placing a zinc carapace atop an insulating stand and wiring it to a negatively-charged gold leaf electroscope, he observed a slow loss of charge from the electroscope. However, when he exposed the zinc dwelling house to ultraviolet light from an arc lamp or from burning magnesium, the discharge occurred much quicker. Conversely, a positively-charged electroscope resulted in no fast leakage of charge.In 1899, British scientist J.J. Thomson finally identified that the light caused the metal come near to emit electrons. He enclosed the metal in an evacuated tube before exposing it to radiation, showing the electrons to be the same particles emitted in cathode ray tubes. ternion years later, German physicist Philipp von Lenard, who had worked with Hertz earlier in Bonn, conducted a series of experiments in which he used a bright coke arc light to examine how the nil of the emitted electrons varied with the lights intensity (see Figure 2). By using a vacuum tube, he showed that when electrons emitted by the metal plate upon exposure to light hit another plate, the collector, a small measurable current was produced. By charging the collector negatively so as to repel the electrons, von Lenard discovered that a stripped-down voltage existed, Vstop, so that only electrons with a certain energy threshold could reach the collector and thus generate a cur rent.He found that while increasing light intensity caused more electrons to be emitted (as can be gathered from an observed increase in current), it did not view the amount of energy carried by each electron, as the stopping voltage was constant. On the other hand, increasing the frequency of the light led to an augmentation in the electrons energizing energy, thus finding that for a particular frequency of light, the energizing energy of the electrons remained constant. Von Lenard also showed that if the frequency was lowered beyond a certain threshold, no current was produced, regardless of the intensity of the light. However, like the scientists preceding him, he was unable to account for these phenomena.4. Inadequacy of Classical Physics ExplanationsThe phenomenon observed during the photoelectric effect was in contradiction to classical theory explanations such as Maxwells Theory of Electromagnetic Waves which was then commonly accepted by scientists. According to such rules of classical physics, for an electron to improver enough energy to be liberated from the metal, the metal surface would have to be exposed to the light waves for a period of time. However, as observed in experiments of the photoelectric effect, the electrons were freed instantly. The Wave Theory maintains that increasing the intensity of a beam of light also increases the amplitude of the oscillating electric field vector E, thus the amount of electrons emitted should be proportional to the intensity of the light.However, according to the observations made, the current flow was independent of light intensity, yet varied according to the frequency of the light, and was non-existent when the frequency change magnitude beyond a certain level, regardless of the intensity. Von Lenards experiment confirmed the existence of a threshold frequency in the photoelectric effect, another phenomenon unable to be explained with a classical physics approach. Thus the belief in light being comple tely wavelike in nature was incompatible with the experimental observations of the photoelectric effect.5. Black Body Radiation and Plancks HypothesisA black consistency bodily cavity can be defined as a perfect cavity that absorbs all radiation that falls onto it and then perfectly radiates all energy absorbed until it is at equilibrium with its surroundings. The intensity of various wavelengths emitted by the black body changes according to its temperature, forming black body radiation curves (see diagram on right). Experimental data showed that the intensity of radiation emitted increased with decreasing wavelength, until a definite pate is reached, after which lower wavelengths of radiation are emitted at lower intensities.Yet, according to the classical wave theory of light, as the wavelength of the radiation emitted shortened, the intensity should increase, thus as the wavelength tends to zero, intensity would approach infinity. However, this would be a gross violation of t he principle of conservation of energy. Hence it remained an inexplicable conundrum for scientists for a long time, who gave this effect the name ultraviolet catastrophe.In 1900, German scientist Max Planck came up with a revolutionary explanation for this phenomenon. He made the assumption that the radiant energy may be treated statistically not as continuous waves but rather as distinct packets of energy, each of which he called a quantum. Based on this revolutionary assumption of light as particles, he formulated a mathematical equation by which this phenomenon could be exemplified. He proposed this relation that calculated the energy of a quantum for radiation of a certain frequency E= hf,Ebeing the energy in joules, fthe frequency in Hertz, and ha small constant (6.626 x 10-34Js) now know as Plancks constant. Figure 4 is a graph of experimental results that confirms Plancks equation, with the gradient equivalent to h. He proposed that any quanta of a particular frequency (and thus wavelength) would bring the same amount of energy. However, he did not attribute any physical significance to this postulation, merely perceiving it as a mathematical trick by which the corresponding answer could be obtained.6. Quantum Theory Einsteins ExplanationDue to the inadequacies of classical physics in explaining the photoelectric effect, in 1905 Albert Einstein further developed upon Plancks hypothesis to lie with up with a new ground-breaking theory to explain the photoelectric effect. He proposed that light was made up not of continuous waves but rather of discrete bundles of energy which he termed photons. He wrote in the renowned journal Annalen der Physik It seems to me that the observations on black-body radiation, photoluminescence, the production of cathode rays by ultraviolet light and other phenomena involving the emission or innovation of light can be better understood on the assumption that the energy of light is distributed discontinuously in space.Acc ording to the assumption considered here, when a light ray starting from a point is propagated, the energy is not continuously distributed over an ever increasing volume, but it consists of a finite number of energy quanta, localised in space, which move without being divided and which can be absorbed or emitted only as a whole.Einstein used Plancks equation that each photon had an energy E=hf, and proposed that light intensity was proportional to the number of photons. The higher the frequency of the electromagnetic radiation, the greater the energy carried by its photons. Einstein provided a oecumenical explanation for the photoelectric effect. When an electron is liberated from the metal surface, the energy in the light photons must be great enough to overcome the forces that bind the electrons to the surface. This minimum energy required to liberate an electron from a metal surface is known as the work ferment, represented by the symbol , and is dependent wholly on the materi al of the metal.The corresponding minimum frequency required for the photons to contain the required energy is called the threshold frequency (f0). If the energy of the photon is greater than the work function of the metal (i.e. E hf0), than the difference in their energy levels will provide the kinetic energy for the photoelectrons (electrons released from interaction with a photon), allowing them to travel and thus generate an electric current. Einsteins quantum theory explains the existence of a threshold frequency for the light below which no electrons would be emitted from the metal, an experimental observation that had puzzled scientists up to that time.Einstein established that when distinguishable metal surfaces are illuminated with monochromatic light, photoelectrons are emitted by the metal surface. The magnitude of the forces by which electrons are held varies with antithetic metals. Thus the work functions of each different metal are also varied. Below is a table of th e work functions of various metals.Figure 6Work Functions for Various MetalsSource Nave, CR. HyperPhysics Photoelectric EffectAccording to Einsteins theory a single photon collides with an electron in the metal, transferring all its energy to the electron, thus liberating the (photoelectron from the metal surface. This concept successfully explained the instantaneity of the electron emission upon light exposure, another phenomenon that classical wave theory was unable to account for.In Einsteins own words, According to the idea that the incident light consists of energy quanta one can picture the production of cathode rays by light as follows. Energy quanta penetrate into a surface layer of the body, and their energy is at least partly modify into electron kinetic energy. The simplest picture is that a light quantum transfers all of its energy to a single electron we shall assume that that happens. We must, however, not exclude the possibility that electrons only receive part of th e energy from light quanta.An electron obtaining kinetic energy inside the body will have lost part of its kinetic energy when it has reached the surface. Moreover, we must assume that each electron on leaving the body must produce work P, which is characteristic for the body. Electrons which are excited at the surface and at right angles to it will leave the body with the greatest normal velocity.Einstein formulated an equation, known as Einsteins Photoelectric Equation, to provide a denary explanation for the photoelectric effectE= hf= + Ekwith Ebeing the energy of the photon (thus E= hffrom Plancks hypothesis),the work function of the particular metal (= hf0), and Ekthe photoelectrons kinetic energy (in Joules or electron volts).Einsteins theory also explains the stopping voltage in the photoelectric effect, which von Lenard had discovered earlier. This voltage is a good measure of the kinetic energy of the photoelectrons. It can be demonstrated (see figure 7) by introducing a v ariable electric potential difference to make the anode negative, thus generating a repelling force against the photoelectrons emitted from the cathode. As this opponent voltage is increased, it will arrive at a point where there is no current flowing in the external circuit as the photoelectrons kinetic energy is not enough to overcome the voltage. This stopping potential equals the maximum kinetic energy of the electrons at the cathode, as it is just enough to stop any electron from reaching the anode.Thus EK max= -qV0, where EK maxis the maximum kinetic energy of the electron in joules, V0the magnitude of the stopping potential in volts, and q the charge of the electron (-1.60 x 10-19C). As the unit of the joule is too large to be used effectively for atomic systems, the electron volt (eV) is employed instead, with 1 eV = 1.60 x 10-19J. Thus the maximum kinetic energy of a photoelectron can be experimentally obtained from the stopping voltage. Radiation with higher frequencies wi ll result in higher stopping voltages, and vice versa.With his theory of the quantisation of light, Einstein was able to derive Plancks formula and account directly for such hitherto inexplicable phenomena as the photoelectric effect and black-body radiation. His work overturned the previously accepted, but now proven flawed, wave theory of light, heralding a new era with the concept of wave-particle duality, in which light can be seen both as waves and as particles (quanta). It was for his services to Theoretical Physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect that Einstein was awarded the Nobel take to be for Physics in 1921.Another notable scientist, the American Robert Millikan, expressed grave doubts about Einsteins quantum theory and set out to experimentally prove him wrong. However, after a decade of thorough scientific investigations, Millikans results confirmed Einsteins theory in every aspect. He was even able to measure Plancks constant to within 0.5% accuracy. These travails earned Millikan the Nobel look upon in 1923 and further validated Einsteins quantum theory in explaining the photoelectric effect.7. Practical Applications of the Photoelectric EffectThe principle of the photoelectric effect is utilised in some domains. One significant coat of the photoelectric effect is the solar cell. This is a device that converts electromagnetic radiation from sunlight into electrical energy. It is generally made up of a series of metallic plates facing the sun, emitting photoelectrons when struck by sunlight. These electrons then flow through an external circuit, thus generating electrical power.Another practical application is the photomultiplier tube (PMT). When light is shone onto a photosensitive cathode, electrons are emitted, and subsequently accelerated towards a second cathode. This produces more electrons, and is repeated for a number of cathodes, resulting in the propagation of the number of electrons initia lly emitted by a factor of a million, to be detected as a current pulse at the final electrode. Thus PMTs are extremely sensitive light detectors, used in scientific applications that require high levels of accuracy, such as emission spectroscopy experiments.Phototubes also moderate on the principle of the photoelectric effect. The electrical characteristics of these devices are dependent on the light that they are exposed to. Thus the current produced from a phototube may be used to operate sensor-based appliances such as automatic doors, sensor taps, alarm systems and light-activated counters.8. ConclusionThe photoelectric effect has undeniably played a significant role in the development of modern physics ever since its discovery. It has revolutionised mankinds understanding of the nature of light, its wave-particle duality. It was in the pursuit of an explanation for this phenomenon that Einstein made what was an important great rebound forward in the world of science 3/4his c onception of quantum theory. In fact the photoelectric effect and the problem of the ultraviolet catastrophe in black-body radiation formed the two experimental foundations upon which quantum theory was built.Thus the experiments conducted on the photoelectric effect can be considered among the most significant in the history of physics. Three distinguished physicists received the Nobel Prize in part for their work on the photoelectric effect Max Planck in 1918, Albert Einstein in 1921 and Robert Millikan in 1923. The observations of the photoelectric effect and its subsequent explanations by Einstein can be regarded as directly responsible for the birth of modern physics.AppendixA Timeline of the Photoelectric EffectBibliographyAndriessen, M et al. Physics 2 HSC Course2nded. Sydney John Wiley Sons Australia 2003.Burns, RW. 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